Railways play a crucial role in transportation, and they can be designed to fit various landscapes. Some run above the ground, while others are elevated or hidden underground. Let’s explore the four main types of railways:
The surface railway is the most common type of railway worldwide. It operates on the ground level and often requires safety features like level crossings, over bridges, and underpasses to ensure safe crossings between trains and road traffic.
Elevated railways are situated above the ground, supported by columns or piers. This system is often used in crowded urban areas where underground railways are impractical. However, it comes with higher costs due to the need for elevated stations and access via stairs or escalators.
Underground railways are built just below the ground’s surface, necessitating tunnels and overpasses for road crossings. They commonly rely on electric power due to ventilation challenges. These railways are ideal for densely populated areas with heavy road traffic.
Tube railways are constructed at greater depths, typically 18 meters or more, and feature circular tunnels. The goal is to prevent interference with water and gas pipes, sewerage systems, and drainage pipes. Tube railway stations have a cylindrical design and require escalators for access. They exclusively use electric traction to avoid ventilation issues and incorporate automatic signaling systems. These railways employ a mechanism that prevents the train from starting until all doors are closed and automatically stops when signals indicate so.
In summary, railways come in various forms to suit different environments, offering efficient transportation solutions for both urban and densely populated areas while addressing safety and practicality concerns.