Construction projects involve various tasks, and the cost of these projects is heavily influenced by the labor needed for different activities. It’s crucial to delve into the specifics of labor requirements to accurately estimate the final project cost. Both direct and indirect costs, such as labor salaries, accommodation, food, and insurance, play a role in determining the overall expenses.
Labor in construction can be broadly categorized into three types:
Optimizing the deployment of these labor types in various construction activities is vital to minimize costs effectively.
To streamline the understanding of labor needs for different construction works, the following table provides recommended labor requirements for various civil engineering, building, and construction tasks. The values are presented in terms of units, labor, and recommended constants in days.
No. | Description of Work | Unit | Labor | Recommended Constant (in days) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Excavation over areas (hard/dense soil), depth up to 1.5m | M3 | Mate, Labor | 0.06, 0.62 |
2 | Excavation in trenches (soft/loose soil), depth up to 1.5m | M3 | Mate, Labor | 0.05, 0.50 |
3 | Returning, filling, and ramming of excavated earth | M3 | Mate, Labor, Bhisti | 0.02, 0.25, 0.02 |
4 | Concrete Mixing by machine (mixer) | M3 | Labor, Bhisti, Mixer operator, Mixer | 0.50, 0.10, 0.07, 0.07 |
5 | Mixer mixed cement concrete | M3 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti, Mixer operator, Mixer, Vibrator | 0.10, 1.63, 0.70, 0.07, 0.07, 0.07 |
6 | Reinforced cement concrete in situ | M3 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti, Mixer operator, Mixer, Vibrator | 0.17, 2.00, 0.90, 0.07, 0.07, 0.07 |
7 | Reinforced cement concrete in suspended floors/roofs | M3 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti, Mixer operator, Mixer, Vibrator | 0.24, 2.50, 0.90, 0.07, 0.07, 0.07 |
8 | Mortars Mixing by hand, cement mortar | M3 | Labor, Bhisti | 0.75, 0.07 |
9 | Brickwork (straight walls) in cement/lime mortar | M3 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti | 0.94, 1.80, 0.20 |
10 | Brickwork in walls, one brick thick, in cement/lime mortar | M2 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti | 0.25, 0.40, 0.10 |
11 | Formwork/Shuttering fabrication and erection | M3/M2 | Carpenter, Labor | 0.25, 0.20, 0.23, 0.20, 0.30, 0.20 |
12 | Reinforcement Bar reinforcement | Quintal | Bar bender, Labor | 1.00, 1.00 |
13 | Plastering and pointing in cement mortar | M2 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti | 0.08, 0.10, 0.10, 0.06, 0.10, 0.10, 0.10, 0.15, 0.10 |
14 | Damping proof course Laying damp proof course | M3 | Mason, Labor, Bhisti | 0.10, 0.10, 0.01 |
Understanding the nuances of labor requirements for each construction activity is fundamental for accurate project cost estimation and effective resource management.